Oil burner for heating furnaces and the like



April 20 1926. g@

H. MiLLTER `o1L BURNER PoR HEATING FURNAcEs AND @HEI/.IKE

Filed Nov. 2, 1925 '2 sheets-sheet 1 April 20 1926. v

H. MILLER 011J BURNER FQRHEAMNG FRNAcEs AND 'um LIKE Filed Nov. 2; 1925 r2 sneetsfsheet z Patented Apr.. 20, 1926.

UNITED erases HERMAN MILLER, OF OAK PARK, ILLNOIS, ASSIGNOB, O`E ONE-THIRD TO CHARLES G. NOVAK AND ONE-THIRD TO @IHN H. GLOVER.

OIL BURNER :FORl HEATING FURNAGES AND` THE LIKE.

emanati@ sied november 2, 1925, serial No. 66,144.

To all 107mm, t W2 f2.1/ concern.'

Be it known that I, HERMAN Minnen, a citizen of, the United States, residing' at Oak Park, in the county of Cook and the State of Illinois, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements'in Oil Burners for Heating liurnaces and the like, of which the following -is a specification, reference being had to Athe accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

The purpose of this invention is to provide an improved construction of a fuell mixer and burnerfor a heating furnace and the like employing vaporizable liquid fuel. It consists in the elements and features of construction shown and described as indicated in the claims.l

In the drawings Figure 1 isa vertical section of a furnace fire box equipped with a fuel mixer and burner embodying this invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan ofthe mixer and burner.' f

Figure 43 is a top plan view of the fuel distributer' and breaker on a larger scale lthan the preceding figures.

In the drawings thevfurnace fire box wall is seen'` at 10, andthe 'grate at 11. The mixer and burner of thekfurnace embodying this invention, indicated as to its entirety by the reference letter A., is adapted to be` introduced into the fire box and supported on the grate, 11, .in any convenient manner, as 4by.

re brick support indicated at 12;',an'din order to be able to control the air supply so 'that all the lair that enters the fire box'of the furnace shall pass through the mixer and burnenforelfecting perfect combustion and avoiding cooling the resulting fiame, the

space around the burner and mixer device asv it stands supported on the grate is desirably filled with fire brick or other suitablematerial as seen atv lfor substantiallyclosing olf the said spaceagainst passage of air into ,the fire box or subsequent draft passages of the furnace. y

The mixer and burner comprises a sup- 12., and a horizontal web, 20h, having a centrai circular depressed area forming arbasin,

20c, apertured at the center of the bottom as seen at 20, the aperture being 'marginally flanged upwardly at 20e, forming an annular trough, 520i, for a purpose hereinafter ex'- plained. At a plurality of positions, preferably synnnetrically distributed around the central basin, 20',-as sl'io'wn, at two posi-i tions only, 20g, QO-the web, 20a, is aper- 60 tured for the connection of air supply duct-3, 21d, which are preferably formed in a unitary casting, 2i, said ducts leading upwardly from their connections at the apertures, 20g,k and extending in thefire box cavity 'to G5 any desired height and then refiexed down'- ward. and toward each other, meeting fora common discharge downwardly at21c, di-

rectly above. the central aperture, 20d, of the support, 20. rl`hrough the central aperture,

20d, there is extended the fuel supply pipe terminal, 23, vwhich leads by suitable pipe connections, 33, controlled by the valve, 24e, fromv a suitably located fuel source (not shown) which, either by the head due to its elevation above* the level of the mixer and burner, or by the otherwise provided pressure, supplies the fuel in an upwardly discharging jet at a nozzle whichterminates the pipe, 28, as will be hereinafter described 80 22 is a fuel distributei` and breaker, so-called because of its two functions, first, that of kaffording extended. surface over which the liquid fuelA which is discharged thro-ughy the aperture of the terminal, 22a, formed at the 85 vcenter.' an' apex of the conical distributer, Hows for exposure to the air current which air currents directed upon it. iinfor-.fit will be understood that when the device is in continuous normal operation, the fuel 'having been ignited as hereinafter described, 'the 're box 'above the burner is filled with flame, 105 causing the ducts, 20g, to be highly' heated, even to redness, so that the air current dirccted .down upon the distributor and breaker, 20, is a hot blast capable of quickly vaporizing the fuel which its impact tends first to vatomizeas described. YThe fuel di'stributmg and spreading device may be considered as comprising, in addition to the conical corrugated or grooved part, a. disk, 25, which vis mounted slidably on the .fuel pipe terminal, 23, below 'said corrugated member, and is adjustable up and down on the pipe terminal, 23', in any convenient manner, as by means of supporting and atl-- justing screws, 26, set up through the bottom `of the basin and carrying the disk, 25,

on their upper ends. This disk, 25, lin a small measure constitutes a part lof the diS- vtributing device because its diameter 1s such that a marginal area of it is exposed upwardly outside of the periphery of the part,

It may be understood that in operatingthis burner the fuel will be irst admitted to passages of the furnace.. The,'service and a limited extent by openingthe valve, 24, to 'permit the fuel to be discharged with limited force through the nozzle, 22", and fall upon and flow overthe distributer accumulating to some extent in the corrugation grooves thereof; and the valve, 24,' being then' closed, a lightin torch Ior the like will be 'used to light t -e oilA thus acc'umulated, whereupon the valve, 24, may be again o pened,'an'd the oil discharged in a jet from t e device' will be in operation.

It will also be understood that the furnace draft operating of course more powerfull when the furnace becomes well heate causes inflow of'air through the central aperture, 20, and Aout around the margin of the disk damper, 25; and also that a main quantity of air for ,supportin combustion is drawn in as above `indicate through the ducts, 21",'-and deflected back for operat ing as an air blast meeting and. driving back onto the distributer the liquid fuel dis` charged through the nozzle,^A; and that the resulting fuel mixture ignited and burning is a ain reliexed upward,'passing between the ucts, 21", 21", at lboth sides 'of the burn# Ver into and through thefire box to the flue lmportance ofthe diskdamper mounted adjustably as shown consists 'in tha-tit'is very important to contro vthe, distribution' of airy as between the cen ral aperture', 20", and the ducts, 21", suitabl according'. to, the intensity of the draft a orded by the furnace audits chimney connections. If the draft is not strong, it is desirable to adjust the disk damper for a relatively large air 'gap between its margin andthe margin of the failing to nozzle -will be lighted and thereby the justment of the damper disk 25.

`iiange, 20e, of the trough, 20, and between the periphery ofsaid disk damper and thc outer slope of thebasin, 20; and with such ad]ustmcnt allowing a considerably large fraction of thetotal air admitted to pass ducing the air gap around it, with the effect.

of correspondingly increasing the proportion of air delivered through th'e ducts, 2l, and the force of the air blast thus delivered for dispersing and atomizing the oil. This adjustment of the. disk damper it will be understood, will be made at the' time of setting up the burner Ain the 'furnace and in accordance with the ascertained normal draft of fthe furnace and chimney.

1t may be understood that the trough 20f isprovided for` receiving any excess of oil which ma overiiow' fromthe groove 22, be vaporized in the course of flow over the i distributor; and this 'trough -is therefore provided with a drain-:pipe 27 `which leads outside the furnace' to any conveniently-located receptacle not shown. It

isof im ortance that this drainpipe leads out of t e trough at or near the bottom thereof so that no. accumulation of oil can occur therein to-a height at which it would narrow the draft gap etermined by the ad- It is desirable, however, that .the drain pipe should protrude up into the trough, 20f, a sufficient distance to produce a shallow trap at the bottom lof the trough wherein the excess fuel delivered through the nozzle may accumulate with considerable 'surface area l exposed to the incomin'gcold'airfor cooling it before ,it overfiows 'into the drain, pipe,`

since obviously `it is not desirable that it llO should pass hot into this drainipe, so ythat I lit should be delivered-to the rain receptacle' in condition 4for -vaporizing atnormal atmospheric temperature.

And for `'these two purposes, first, that the fuelv may not accumulate in the trough so' as to choke theY drhft, an'd second, thatit may acclimu late sufficiently tofpermit the accumulation to become cool before passing into the drain pipe, the pipe .27, 1s shown protruding slightly above the bottom of the trough.

1t will`further beA noted that the' 1pe,23, `which forms vthe inlet stem of the istributer, 22, is ,i of greater inner .diameter vthan the supply pipe, .33, and considerably' greatrture of the nozzle, 22. The urpose of t is featureof the construction4 er than the a 1s to cause lthe cavity o f` the' pipe! stern, 22,

lli

` ginat tid to serve as a chamber in which 4:fuel may accumulate exposed to heat conducted from the distributor, 22, which, in the operation of the burner, becomes veryI highly heated and commonly at vred heat, so that the oil is to some extent vaporied at this discharge from the nozzle, and is thereby in condition for being promptly and fully vaporized upon being driven lback by air blast onto the hot surface of the distributor.

l claim i l. A. iuel inixer and burnery for a heating furnace and the like comprising a support adapted to be mounted in the tire box ot the furnace to be served and to be therein supplemented by means for completing the closure ot the draft passages ol the furnace except as to the openings through said support, said support having an air'. inlet .aperture; a fuel supply pi )e extending up through said aperture; a ucl distributor at the upper end of said fuel supply pipe apertured in alignment with tlie'latter for discharge of fuel therethrough and thereabove; an air pi e connected for exterior air sup-- ply exten ing in exposure to theheat of the furnace and terminating for discharge downwardly upon said distributer for dispersing the 'uel over the latter and vaporizing the same; a cholre damper mounted for up and down movement on the fuel supply pipe above the air inlet aperture of the support, and means for adjusting said damper to vary theair access through said aperture.

2.' A :fuel mixer and burner for heating. furnace and the like, comprising an oil dis-v tributor of y general conical .form apertured for oil discharge through its apex for flow back over the conical surface, and means for directing an air draught downward upon said distributor; anv annular basin having an upwardly turning ilangeat its inner circumference forming an annular trough around the central aperture, the conical distributor being diametered at its base for overhanging said aperture and having its inni-'vin overhanging said tro-ugh; 'the marportions of said distributor being ad- ]ustah e upand down relative to the upper conical surface, oifsaid distributor and to the basin, for varying the air gap between said marginal "portion and said trough forming an e.

gli fuel mixer and burner for heating furnace 'and the like, comprising a support adapted to be mounted in the fire box of the furnace to be servi-,d5l and having a depressed area formin "a basin and an air` inlet aperture theret rough; a fuel supply ipe extending up through said aperture; a nel distributorat the upper end ofi said pipe apertured in alin'ement therewith yfor discharge of fuel upwardly through said distributor, the support having another aperture and an air pipe connected thereto above the support and extending'thereabove inthe tire box chamber, being reflexed therein for discharge downwardly toward the distributor, the depression-in the upper side ot the support being substantially truste-conical inform for sloping the bottom at an outer zone and having a trough forming flange at the margin ot' the aperture opposite the slope, the marginal port-ion of Saidy distributor being adjustable up and down relative to the upper conical surface of they distributor and overhanging and substantially parallel to .the zone oli the bottom of the recess next inward from the sloping outer zone; said marginal portion of the distributor being adjustable down into the trough for varying simultaneously and sixnilarlylthe'air gaps at both circumferences lof said peripheral zone., y

4;. A fuel mixer and buruef` for heating furnace and the like,l comprising a support adapted to be mounted in the lire box of lthe furnace to be served and having a depressed area forming a basin and an air inlet aperture therethrough; a fuel supply pipe extending up through said aperture; the fuel distributor at the upper end of said pipe being apertured in alinement therewith for discharge of fuel upwardly through said distributor, the support having another aperture and an air npipe connected therewith above the support and extending thereabove' in the Firebox chamber and reflexed therein for discharge downwardly toward thesdistributor, the -first mentioned aperture in the support having a marginal upwardly treudingiange forming-an annular trough around said aperture, said distributor comprising a disc constituting the lower part thereof whose diameter is such that its circumferential margin overhangs said annular trough, said disc beingmounted adjustablyY up and down for varying the air gap between the same and the edge of the trough. l5. .A fuel mixer and burner for heating furnace andthe. likepcoinprising a support adapted to be mounted in the lire boxof the"`furnac`e`to be served, and having a depressed area forming a basin and an air i11- et aperture therethrough; a fuel supply pipe extending up through said a erture; the fuel distributor at the upper en of said pipe being apertui'ed in alinement therewith for discharge of fuel upwardly through said distributor, the support having another aperture and an air pipe connected therewith a ove the sup ort extending thereabove in thelre box c amber and retlexed therein for discharge downwardly toward the distributor, the de iression lin the lupper side of the (support eilig substantially frustoconical in form for sloping the bottom down yinwardly'at an outer zone, and an vopposite ice les

parallel portion a zone sloping substantially parallel to the slope of said marginal flange; evhereby said disc may be adjusted down to --thevtrough .for varying simultaneously and y ences of the peripheral zone of said disc Similarly the air gaps at both circumfer- 6. A fuLmlgeitand burner lfor heating furnace andthe like comprising a support z ulaptedto be mounted substantially horizontally in the firebox of the furnace to be served ysaid support having'a central air aperture; a fuel supply pipel extending up .through said aperture and oil distributer at the up er end of said fuel pipe apertured in a ignlnent therewith for dischargey of fuel from thel fuel pipe-above the distributer, said support having additional aperture and air duct connected therewith. and extending above the support in the -re box chamber and reilexed for `discharge downwardly over the distributer and the-vfuel discharge pipe, and a choke damper mounted for up and down movement on the fuel supply vpipe above the first mentioned air inlet aperture of the support and means for adjusting said damper to vary the air g( between the same' and the mar-` gin of said) aperture. f 7. A fuel mixer and burner for a heating furnace and the like comprising a support adapted to be mounted in the fire box of the furnace to be served, and having a deressed area forming a basin, and an air inlet aperture therethrough; a fuel supply pipe extending up through said aperture, the

fuel distributer at the upper end of said pipe apertured in' alignment therewith for discharge of fuel upwardly and through said fuel distributer, said basin having an outer` zone of its bottom sloping down inwardl 5 a choke damper .mounted for up and own adjustment on the fuel supply pipe having its circumference overhangmg said sloping zone of the basin `bottom for limiting the air gap above the latter, and means for adjusting said damper up and down.

In testimony whereof, Iahave hereunto set I HERMAN MILLER. 

